Cytologies

Cytology is the study of cells under a microscope. We collect a small sample, often from a lump, the skin, the ears or fluid, and examine it to look for infection, inflammation or abnormal cells.

Samples are often taken with a fine needle and usually don't require sedation. Many cytologies can be read here in the hospital, so we can start treatment sooner, and we can send samples to a pathologist when a second look is needed.

What to Expect During a Fine Needle Aspirate

A fine needle aspirate is one of the most common ways to collect cells. Your vet places a small needle into the lump or area of concern and draws out a tiny sample. It feels similar to a vaccine, and most pets tolerate it calmly while gently held. Sedation is occasionally used for sensitive areas or anxious pets.

For skin and ear samples, your vet may instead use tape, a swab or a gentle scraping. The cells are spread on a slide, stained and examined under the microscope. Cytology doesn't always give a final answer. If results are unclear, your vet may recommend a biopsy, which looks at a larger piece of tissue.