A mastectomy removes one or more mammary glands, usually to treat mammary tumors. Mammary tumors are common in female dogs and cats who weren't spayed young, and in cats they are often malignant.

Removing tumors early gives the best outcome. Tissue is sent for biopsy so we know exactly what we're dealing with, and we'll talk with you about any follow-up care.

Signs of Mammary Tumors in Dogs and Cats

Mammary tumors often start small and painless, so they are easy to miss. Gently feeling along your pet's belly and chest during petting or grooming can help you find changes early. Spayed pets can still develop them, so it is worth checking. Watch for:

  • A firm lump or bump near a nipple, from pea-sized to larger
  • A chain of small lumps along the mammary glands
  • Swelling, redness or warmth in the area
  • Discharge from a nipple
  • A lump that grows quickly or becomes ulcerated

Any new lump should be checked by your vet as soon as possible. Early evaluation gives your pet the best chance of a good outcome.

Caring for Your Pet at Home After a Mastectomy

Recovery usually focuses on rest, pain control and protecting the incision, which may be long if several glands were removed. Your vet will send your pet home with clear instructions and medications to keep them comfortable. Most pets start to feel more like themselves within a few days.

  • Keep your pet quiet and limit jumping, running and stairs
  • Use a cone or recovery suit to prevent licking
  • Check the incision daily for redness, swelling or discharge
  • Give all medications exactly as directed
  • Keep recheck appointments so we can monitor healing and review biopsy results

Call us right away if your pet stops eating, seems very painful or the incision opens.

Questions about Mastectomies?

Call us or book an appointment online, and our team will help you decide on the next step for your pet.

Mastectomies: Frequently Asked Questions

How long does it take a dog or cat to recover from a mastectomy?
Most pets heal from the surgery over about two weeks, although larger surgeries may take longer. Your pet will need restricted activity and incision care during this time. Your vet will let you know when normal activity can resume.
Are mammary tumors always cancer?
No. In dogs, a good number of mammary tumors are benign, but many are not, and they cannot be told apart by look or feel. In cats, most are malignant. A biopsy after removal is the only way to know for sure.
Can spaying prevent mammary tumors?
Spaying, especially at a young age, greatly lowers the risk of mammary tumors in both dogs and cats. Your vet may also recommend spaying at the time of a mastectomy for intact females. Talk with us about the right timing for your pet.
Will my pet need treatment after surgery?
It depends on the biopsy results. Many benign tumors need no further treatment beyond healing and monitoring. If the tumor is malignant, your vet may recommend chest X-rays, regular rechecks or other options.

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